William Shakespeares The Taming of the Shrew Essay -- Shakespeare Tam

William Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew In the start of â€Å"The Taming of the Shrew†, some state Shakespeare depicts Katherina as an extremely peevish figure. Others may contend that she isn't peevish yet only a solid willed individual. Toward the finish of the play a few people say she is changed into a sort and delicate individual, while again others will contend that she isn't â€Å"tamed† yet simply faking it to â€Å"show up† her more youthful sister Bianca, whom has consistently been increasingly wonderful and beguiling. Kate is â€Å"like a wasp, similar to a foal, similar to foal that kicks from his bridle; spunky, brisk and decided, however loaded with great heart.† 1. This announcement made by one creator, shows unmistakably that he doesn't consider her to be vixen like, even toward the start of the play. A similar creator expresses that toward the finish of the play she has not so much changed, rather she has recently become hopelessly enamored with Petruchio, fundamentally she is l iberated from torment since she is no longer observed as the vixen.      In the start of the play Kate is â€Å"consistently contrary to everything around her†2, in the mean time â€Å"Bianca obeys so delicately and with such sweet accommodation that it is clear why she is Baptista’s most loved daughter†2. Toward the finish of the play, the jobs switch and Katherina is accommodating to each expression of Petruchio and Bianca opposes the orders of her new spouse.      Kate’s first response to Petruchio, her â€Å"mad wooer†, is self indulgence, and even her dad feels that his treatment of her would â€Å"vex a saint†. He removes her from the home she is utilized to, with hirelings and house cleaners to attend to her in every way under the sun, to the nation. There she is away from the lavish town life and is cool, ravenous and tired. She to some degree figures out how to watch her temper and obey Petruchio with the goal that he will take care of her so she can endure calmly instead of pitiably. I accept that his technique for restraining her isn't merciless yet extremely powerful. He gives her that she can get a lot farther and carry on with life significantly more joyful on the off chance that she is decent and â€Å"entreats† him as opposed to battling him.      One creator (design in cover) says that Shakespeare sees Katherine and Petruchio as in all consuming, instant adoration. He says that their battles are incompletely similar to a game and somewhat a matter of vanity. He sees Katherine as â€Å"testing† Petruchio ensuring he is â€Å"man† enough to endure the most noticeably terrible of her and end up being the spouse she requires. Petruchio acknowledge... ...y. She might be accommodating to him, and yet, he is similarly as accommodating to her. I feel that he didn’t just agreeable her, yet she restrained and controls him by make and not brutality. Katherina isn't the just one in the play to experience a change. Petruchio, to start with went to charm Katherina just for cash. He was offered an endowment by Seignior Baptista to â€Å"get free of† Kate so he could marry his more youthful little girl Bianca to one of her numerous admirers. Before the finish of the play, it is clarified that Petruchio excessively changed and had begun to look all starry eyed at Kate. The relationship that they have toward the finish of the play is really love. The two of them are eager to change to make each other glad and the two of them attempt inside and out to make harmony in their family. The amusing piece of the play is that the two of them imagine that they have command over the other one.      All in all Katherina experiences a total transformation from the earliest starting point of the play to the furthest limit of the play. She begins a young lady, acting like foal attempting to kick liberated from her saddle and winds up an accommodating, sweet, delicate and kind lady, whom is controlled at this point, controls her better half Petruchio, whom she winds up cherishing profoundly. William Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew Essay - Shakespeare Tam William Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew In the start of â€Å"The Taming of the Shrew†, some state Shakespeare depicts Katherina as a petulant figure. Others may contend that she isn't petulant however only a solid willed individual. Toward the finish of the play a few people say she is changed into a sort and delicate individual, while again others will contend that she isn't â€Å"tamed† yet simply faking it to â€Å"show up† her more youthful sister Bianca, whom has consistently been progressively wonderful and enchanting. Kate is â€Å"like a wasp, similar to a foal, similar to foal that kicks from his strap; spunky, speedy and decided, yet brimming with great heart.† 1. This announcement made by one creator, shows unmistakably that he doesn't consider her to be wench like, even toward the start of the play. A similar creator expresses that toward the finish of the play she has not so much changed, rather she has quite recently experienced passionate feelings for Petruchio, generally she is liberated from torment since she is no longer observed as the vixen.      In the start of the play Kate is â€Å"consistently contrary to everything around her†2, in the interim â€Å"Bianca obeys so tenderly and with such sweet accommodation that it is clear why she is Baptista’s most loved daughter†2. Toward the finish of the play, the jobs switch and Katherina is accommodating to each expression of Petruchio and Bianca opposes the orders of her new spouse.      Kate’s first response to Petruchio, her â€Å"mad wooer†, is self centeredness, and even her dad feels that his treatment of her would â€Å"vex a saint†. He removes her from the home she is utilized to, with workers and house cleaners to attend to her in every way under the sun, to the nation. There she is away from the sumptuous town life and is cool, ravenous and tired. She to some degree figures out how to watch her temper and obey Petruchio with the goal that he will take care of her so she can endure calmly instead of pitiably. I accept that his technique for restraining her isn't coldblooded yet successful. He gives her that she can get a lot farther and carry on with life much more joyful in the event that she is decent and â€Å"entreats† him as opposed to battling him.      One creator (design in cover) says that Shakespeare sees Katherine and Petruchio as in all consuming, instant adoration. He says that their battles are incompletely similar to a game and mostly a matter of pride. He sees Katherine as â€Å"testing† Petruchio ensuring he is â€Å"man† enough to endure the most exceedingly terrible of her and end up being the spouse she requires. Petruchio acknowledge... ...y. She might be accommodating to him, and yet, he is similarly as accommodating to her. I imagine that he didn’t just agreeable her, however she subdued and controls him by create and not viciousness. Katherina isn't the just one in the play to experience a change. Petruchio, to start with went to charm Katherina just for cash. He was offered a settlement by Seignior Baptista to â€Å"get free of† Kate so he could marry his more youthful little girl Bianca to one of her numerous admirers. Before the finish of the play, it is clarified that Petruchio excessively changed and had begun to look all starry eyed at Kate. The relationship that they have toward the finish of the play is really love. The two of them are eager to change to make each other upbeat and the two of them attempt inside and out to make harmony in their family. The unexpected piece of the play is that the two of them imagine that they have power over the other one.      All in all Katherina experiences a total transformation from the earliest starting point of the play to the furthest limit of the play. She begins a young lady, acting like foal attempting to kick liberated from her tackle and winds up an agreeable, sweet, delicate and kind lady, whom is controlled at this point, controls her better half Petruchio, whom she winds up cherishing truly.

Microeconomics Monopoly and Competition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Microeconomics Monopoly and Competition - Essay Example This can't be the situation in rivalry on the grounds that serious markets numerous organizations produce separated items that can be substitutes to each. Given that they oversee huge piece of the overall industry without rivalry, syndication firms charge generally significant expenses for their items contrasted with firms in a serious market. Concerning this, Simpson (2010) clarifies that organizations with imposing business model force confine the measure of yield that they produce so as to raise costs of that yield. They at that point set the costs dependent on their creation costs corresponding to amount of yield. Without the nearness of close substitutes to their items and the significant expenses, syndication firm can appreciate super-ordinary benefits which are augmented when the negligible expense of creation rises to minor income. The endeavors to actualize their evaluating strategies, restraining infrastructures cause wasteful aspects in the market which remember decrease for customer government assistance. The purchaser government assistance delighted in through the costs in a serious market lessens when the costs of syndications apply (Simpson, 2010). This is the thing that prompts dead weight which is represented in the chart 1 beneath. In a serious market, the cost of items is at where the minor cost (MC) equivalents to showcase value which relates to value P. in light of this value level, shoppers in the serious market will appreciate a huge customer government assistance which is speak to by region EBF in the diagram. Monopolist should then set their costs where benefits are most extreme and that the point C in the diagram where peripheral cost approaches minor income (MR). In any case, monopolists will rather set their costs at a higher point dependent on the normal income (AR) which is appeared in the diagram as point A which compares to value P1 higher than P which the opposition cost. The significant expenses set by restraining infrastructure firms will at that point diminish the customer government assistance and result in different wasteful aspects in the market. The purchaser which is spoken to by

By Comparing Silas Marner and Godfrey Cass, consider George Eliots presentation of fatherhood in Silas Marner Essays

By Comparing Silas Marner and Godfrey Cass, consider George Eliots introduction of parenthood in Silas Marner Essays By Comparing Silas Marner and Godfrey Cass, consider George Eliots introduction of parenthood in Silas Marner Paper By Comparing Silas Marner and Godfrey Cass, consider George Eliots introduction of parenthood in Silas Marner Paper Exposition Topic: Writing There are numerous similitudes between Silas Marner and George Eliots own life. Both she and Marner found satisfaction again when they were moderately aged; Marner was given Eppie and discovered love and trust again through her. Much the same as Eliot discovered love with Lewes. Silas Marner was written in the Victorian time a period where class was a major factor in life lower classes shouldn't confront the high societies. Anyway toward the finish of the book Marner confronts Godfrey Cass and expresses his genuine thoughts. Eliot according to parenthood had confidence in the therapeutic impact of unadulterated, common human relations, Godfrey Cass is the supreme difference to this thought dissimilar to Marner who cherishes Eppie with everything that is in him despite the fact that she isn't his own kid. Likewise like Marner Eliot was not acknowledged into the network as she lived with a wedded man however once she moved out of his home and got hitched she was acknowledged once more, Marner advanced go into the network by Eppie. Also Charles Darwins disclosures of the advancement of man influenced the manner in which Eliot composed the book as Darwin was one of the primary individuals who addressed God; this is reflected in the book when Marner walked out on God. George Eliot utilizes Silas Marner and Godfrey Cass as images to air current perspectives around then. By utilizing Marner and Godfrey Cass she can straightforwardly communicate her perspectives on parenthood as an impression of obligation, by composing this book it is one of the main ways she can communicate, as she was a ladies. Being a lady in the late 1800s and mid 1900s implied that you were thought of as being lesser and just required for creating and raising a beneficiary. Eliot utilizes two unique ranges of parenthood; there is Silas Marner who is the assenting father of Eppie anyway he adores her more than anything in his life my valuable youngster. He brings her up as a model kid. Conversely there is Godfrey Cass, who is the fatherly dad of Eppie, however he goes at the opportunity to care for her and to be an appropriate dad when Molly Farren kicks the bucket. He does this since he is worried about the possibility that that Nancy Lammeter would not wed him likewise he feels that a kid would be a weight to his way of life. He is a case of a dad who possibly needs the youngster when it goes for whatever he might prefer: in this manner making the peruser question whether he is sufficiently fit to be a dad and even the ethical quality of his character. Eliot firsts presents Silas Marner similar to an individual that likes schedule, his day by day schedule present scarcely any change he needs everything to be the equivalent. He does this in light of an inappropriate doing that was done against him before he came to Raveloe he was deceived and double-crossed, in this way in the event that he now he keeps everything the equivalent nobody can come in and stunt him once more. Eliot additionally needed our early introductions of Silas Marner being a kind of loner, he didnt blend in with the network he looked for no man or ladies in addition didn't have a typical activity. It that time in the country towns a great many people were ranchers so a weaver was something strange. Marner doesnt like to make his way for anybody he welcomed no comer to step over his entryway ledge. This is on the grounds that his generally trusted and esteemed companion, William Dane, who was perfect, sold out him, before this Marner would have done anything for him. We become familiar with somewhat later of his affection for the cash that he has earned throughout the years. The cash has assumed control over his life, work sixteen hours every day I don't think it is insatiability yet is something stable that he thought couldn't be detracted from him he likewise sees it as his lone companion, he coaxed them out to make the most of their friendship. Now it appears to the peruser that Silas Marner would lean toward the organization of his cash then companions. Anyway we do need to recall how he was deluded and how all that he knew was taken from him. George Eliot causes us to feel for Silas Marner as in addition to the fact that he got his life partner completed their commitment and wedded closest companion yet additionally he was dismissed out of the congregation by drawing parcels. He didn't effectively merit any of this. George Eliot chooses to inform the peruser concerning this before she enlightens us regarding Marner and his cash. This is on the grounds that we can perceive how Marner was preceding him having his life demolished and before he became he twisted into himself. Along these lines the peruser can comprehend why Marner resembles he is in the remainder of the book until Eppie is sent to him. Godfrey Cass resembles Marner in as much as he is additionally a recluse now and again, he has his sibling, Dunstan Cass, extorting him Youll get the hundred pounds for me Godfrey Cass isn't sufficiently able to face Dunsey. In addition Godfrey Cass has hitched a lady from another town, Molly Farren, who is a smashed spouse. The way that Godfrey Cass is hitched it implies that he can't blend in with or wed Nancy Lammeter. Being hitched to Molly Farren has rejected Godfrey Cass from the network in a larger number of ways than one; at whatever point he converses with individuals he generally has a concern in the rear of his brain that somebody knows or is going to get some answers concerning his significant other. Additionally on the grounds that he very needed to wed Molly Farren he doesn't have a caring relationship with her he would sooner pass on than recognize her as his better half. His sibling deceived Godfrey Cass into wedding her and Dunstan is presently utilizing this against Godfrey Cass as Dunstan could tell their dad I may get you turned out of house and home. Godfrey is very much regarded in the network a fine pleasant youngster however they are concerned that he will turn out like Dunsey a card shark. Eliot causes us to feel for Godfrey Cass just as Silas Marner, he brought his adversities upon his self as Dunstan Cass may have fooled him into wedding Molly Farren however it was Godfrey w as the person who said I do and marked the papers. He gets what he merited from wedding Molly Farren and not taking ownership of the way that Eppie is his little girl. When Godfrey Cass and his sibling are talking before the fire Eliots tone is very snide when Dunstan is talking. All things considered, ace Godfrey he has no regard for his more seasoned sibling and realizes that he can control Godfrey into doing what he needs. Chimneys make a room warm and comfortable, yet Godfrey Cass has his back to the fire as he doesn't need its glow and wouldn't like to truly be in there with Dunstan. The Cass family is harmed they are feeling the loss of a ladies around the house the assistants spouse had passed on Godfrey is missing adoration and care which he most likely got from his mom, and it doesn't appear as though his dad has assumed control over the job of taking care of his youngsters appropriately. Silas Marner lets Eppie settle on her own choices toward the finish of the book when Godfrey Cass comes to guarantee Eppie as his own Marner lets her chose where she whether to remain or go. Address the kid. He realizes he may free her yet at the same time gives her a decision. Godfrey Cass in spite of the fact that not really caring for Eppie he despite everything thought about her and I believe is the reason he needed her back toward the end. At the point when he originally surrendered her he was just considering himself be that as it may, when he lets Eppie remain with Marner he does it because of adoration and needing her to be cheerful. Guardians ought to likewise have the option to converse with their youngster and comprehend their issues to help out the kid with them. Marner appears to think increasingly about Eppie all the more then Cass grab her up and spread her with half-wailing kisses. Despite the fact that Eppie has quite recently fled Marner doesn't yell at her however is just glad to see her. We don't have the foggiest idea nonetheless, this is the situation as Godfrey Cass has never really gotten the opportunity of bringing Eppie up and giving her his affection, so one doesn't know whether he would act this way or not. Assistant Cass doesn't hold a significant number of the characteristics that it takes to raise a youngster. He just considers them to be beneficiaries to carry on his name and not as genuine individuals, sick turn the pack of you out of the house together, and wed once more. He doesnt understand that everybody commits errors and that a parent ought to excuse them. When Godfrey Cass and Squire Cass are talking in the morning meal room we do feel frustrated about Godfrey as the Squire doesn't talk benevolent to him youve been up to some deceive, the Squire has no comprehension of Godfrey as he simply needs to know where his cash has gone you let Dunsey have the cash?. Eliot additionally causes the peruser to feel for Godfrey now as he appears to be so terrified of his dad sir Im exceptionally sorry I he talks gradually as he doesnt very ability to state it, or it may be the case that he isn't sure how his dad will respond and doesnt know whether he should let him know. The Cass house hold never appears to be warm and family like the Red House was without healthy love this is on the grounds t hat Squires spouse had passed on yet the Squire ought to have assumed up the liability of keeping the home cherishing, he appears to have closed away his youngsters like he doesnt know them appropriately. Dunstan (Godfrey Cass sibling) takes Marners cash close to the start of the novel. At that point another relative of Godfrey shows up; Eppie, his little girl. Eppie is acknowledged by Marner which is unexpected as this family are the ones carrying conflict to his life. It is nothing unexpected that Godfrey assumes little liability for his youngster until the finish of the book as we probably am aware as perusers that his dad offered him little love. Godfrey doesn't guarantee Eppie to be his he does in any case appear to adore her a conflic

The GRE Tutor Not as Easy as You Thought

If it looks like a trap, IT’S A TRAP. Many of us—even some private GRE tutors—take the GRE specifically because we excel in an English-language based field, and we’re going on to graduate work in this field because we gained this mastery in our work with or on the English language at the undergraduate level. We remember the Verbal SAT, perhaps vividly, perhaps only hazily, but it’s likely we did extremely well on it. We expect the Verbal section of the GRE to be something of a breeze. Compared to writing research papers at the graduate level or writing creative work for publication, how difficult can a standardized test be? Really, really hard. If you’re not familiar with the GRE, you may assume that the sentence completion sections will be similar to those on SAT. However, this is true in format only, and even there only partially true. What Makes These Questions So Difficult? The GRE presents you with sentences containing two or three blanks, and asks you to pick two or three vocabulary words from a given list with which to complete the sentence. The words are not paired, but must be chosen individually. Therefore, unlike the SAT, one cannot work by eliminating entire answer choices via focusing on the relationships within pairs of words—each blank is its own separate battle. The vocabulary is also exponentially more advanced than that on the SAT, or, indeed, that which ones uses in an advanced college-level Literature course, let alone in daily life. And the questions categorized as â€Å"devilish† really, really are just that. Go Old-School: Use Flashcards Therefore, even if you’re already a genius of the English language, you’re probably going to have to devote some time to studying for this section before you take the test for real. As with any vocabulary test, the first thing you can do is go back to that old middle-school standby and make flashcards. However, these need to be done in a way that’s precisely structured, rather than haphazard. One important strategy is to combine flashcards with practice sections. As you correct any practice section or practice test, notate any vocabulary words that weren’t familiar to you (even ones that you knew were not the correct answer), and add them to your flashcards. If you’re using a vocabulary flashcard app (there are some good ones, but they aren’t structured enough on their own), notate the words you habitually miss. Add these to your own flashcards as well, so that you begin to compile a collection of the most challenging words for you. Look for patterns in this compilation: Is there a type of word you always miss? Are you tripped up by commonly used words that are tested on the GRE with a secondary, less-known meaning? Are you tripped up by huge polysyllabic adjectives, or more by words that look simple but aren’t? What kind of associations do you find helpful in memorizing new words? Watch Out, It’s a Trap! In addition, the GRE gets extremely tricky on this section and tries to anticipate common errors students make. As mentioned above, many commonly used words have rarely used secondary and tertiary meanings, and the GRE tests this with an awareness that most people will assume that the well-known meaning rather than the correct one. Approach this section as you would a booby-trapped tomb in an Indiana Jones movie: get cocky for even a minute, and before you know it the ground gives way and you’re plunging into the alligator pit. Always double-check that the word does not have an alternate meaning before deciding to choose or eliminate it. Further, watch out for words that look like synonyms but aren’t. There are many words tested that either look similar to well known words but mean something entirely different, or are almost a synonym for the correct word but have some crucial difference in connotation. Being very vigilant about these common traps can make a huge differ ence. Work One-on-One with a Private GRE Tutor to Strategize Working one-on-one a skilled tutor can better allow you to strategize against these and many other traps on this part of the test. As a GRE verbal tutor in New York, I find that many of my students assume the Verbal section should be easy for people who already excel in English, but it rarely is. To avoid unpleasant surprises on test day, our private GRE tutors in NYC and Boston can tailor strategies to help you utilize the skills you already have in the English language and use them to beat even the most devilish vocabulary questions. For more relevant reading, check out these other blog posts, written by ourprivate GRE tutors in NYC: The Key to the GRE Analyze an Argument Essay, Combating Testing Anxiety, Study Tips for Busy People, What Happens When a GRE Tutor Takes the Test? ;

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The primary reason the researcher has proposed investigating this topic is to test the notion that NCLB unfairly impacts sub-groups including special education. This despite the fact that the act was originally developed to help sub groups and special education students achieve the same or similar proficiency as their peers. During the researchers discourse and meetings with educational administrators, information revealed that the general education staff at many facilities seems to believe the job of fixing the NCLB deficiencies provided there are any rests on the hands of special Education departments and teachers. This idea need be explored, thus this research paper is being proposed. In addition, there is a great deal of debate that currently exists regarding standardized testing and the fairness of such testing relative to special Ed students. Again a gap currently exists in the literature regarding this aspect of NCLB, thus further exploration is required. 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Zara, The Largest International Fashion Companies Of The...

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Authenticity Within Hospitality Industry free essay sample

Due to globalization and a world increasingly filled with deliberately stage experiences within the hospitality industry, consumers crave for authenticity. Instead of making the employees as cast members or puppets, the organization must identify what makes it authentic by finding the deeper meaning of the organization’s DNA and involving their staff members through-out the process, frontline staff in particular. Zaina Ibrahim BA of International Hospitality Management University College of Northern Denmark On one occasion, however, we left disappointed and couldn’t pinpoint why: all of the service tangibles were present. What had been missing, however, was authenticity on the part of the staff; they said and did all the â€Å"right† things, but failed to be fully engaged and invested in their actions and words — they were not authentic. † (McCrary 2008) Authenticity in Tourism and Hospitality is of a high demand both personally and professionally. Due to globalization, virtualisation and rapid development, there is nothing left un-touched, it is a challenge to define what? s fake and what? s real. Living in an artificial world filled with deliberately stage experiences, people crave for authenticity. Gilmore and Pine II indicate that goods and services are no longer enough; what consumers want today are experiences – memorable events that engage them in an inherently personal way and they choose to buy based on how real they perceive an offering to be. Business today, therefore, is all about being real, original, genuine, sincere and authentic. (Gilmore and Pine II, 2007) In the hospitality industry, consumers play an important role on how to develop or improve the product and services offered within the industry. According to Ian Yeoman who is a professional futurologist specializing in travel and tourism, authenticity evolves because consumers search for exceptional experience, special moments that are original and real. (Yeoman, 2008) Consumers have the power to voice out their satisfaction or dissatisfaction to the whole world via online rating sites like Tripadvisor. The majority of those comments are about experiences they had during their travelling period. The factors that have the biggest impact on guests are when hotel guests have had a bad experience due to poor services from the front line staff. In Tom McCrarys case, how can a frontline staff portray a service that is totally different from what the organization is promoting? This question is interesting because it sheds light on the importance of a mutual understanding on authenticity within all staff members of the hotel. Not just to act authentic but to be authentic as a professional. How hoteliers define authenticity will have an effect on how they practice authenticity in reality. There for it is interesting to direct attention to the understandings of authenticity within a hotels organisation. Zaina Ibrahim /International Hospitality Management (2012) Page 2 This research will focus on the hotel industry. Instead of focusing externally on what the consumers define as authentic experiences, the study is going to highlight authenticity seen from an organizational development platform. The attention will particularly be oriented towards the frontline staffs that constantly are in direct interaction with hotel guests. In order for a hotel to provide real authentic experiences it is of high necessity that the organization itself is able to find and define its authenticity. The hotel has to address the question: â€Å"What is the deeper meaning of our existence, what is our DNA that makes us stand out from the others looking beyond profitable goals? (Senge, 2010) If a hotel fails to work with these questions in cooperation with the employees it might lead to fakeness or a mismatch between what the hotel portrays to provide and what the front liners actually provide in their actions. The hypothesis of this synopsis is that in order for a hotel to provide sustainable authentic experiences, hoteliers within the hotel need to have mutual understandings of the hotels authenticity or DNA. This is the foundation for being able to provide authentic products and services. This leads to the investigation of: How do hoteliers from different departments of a hotel conceptualize â€Å"authenticity†? What are the connections between these conceptualizations and the way the hotel provide authentic experiences in practice? It is important to underline that this synopsis mainly focuses on the first part of the problem formulation – â€Å"How do hoteliers conceptualize â€Å"authenticity†. The second part of the problem formulation can only be answered after analyse the empirical data regarding the first question. Zaina Ibrahim /International Hospitality Management (2012) Page 3 Theory of Science Social Constructionism The scientific foundation of this synopsis is based on social constructionism. It is with the lens of social constructionism this paper is going to try to conceptualise authenticity. Before beginning this process it? s important to understand what social constructionism is? Social constructionism focuses on uncovering the ways in which individuals and groups participate in the creation of their perceived social reality. Knowledge and truth is socially constructed and there for not objectively given. When people interact they socially construct their reality, which means reality is constantly constructed and reproduced. Constructionists view knowledge and truth as created not discovered by the mind (Schwandt, 2003) and supports the view that being a realist is not inconsistent with being a constructionist. Language and communication play an important role in social constructionism as language creates and recreates reality instead of being a result of reality. In other words it is through communication and conceptualization that our lives become meaningful and through that we learn. It is through constant affirmation and negotiation of meaning people coordinate realities and significance; hence it will be hollow for a social constructionist to research without engaging in human interaction in meaningful contexts. Communicating through language brings concepts across and provides means of structuring the way the world is experienced. (Arbnor Bjerke, 2009) Zaina Ibrahim /International Hospitality Management (2012) Page 4 A social constructionist will not be interested in finding the real essence of authenticity nor reaching a closed and definitive definition of the concept. Instead the focus will be on how the people within the hotel industry conceptualise and use authenticity in their working lives. The word ‘authenticity’ will only become meaningful for a social constructionist in the instant where it becomes an objective for negotiating and coordination of meaning. The interest will be on how people socially conceptualize the term ‘authenticity’ and use it to co-construct meaningful realities. Social Constructionism view on this study In order to create substantial authenticity throughout the hotel organization you need to direct the attention to how the hoteliers from the General Manager to the Receptionist conceptualize authenticity. Authenticity meaning what is the hotel’s DNA or what is the organization put in this world to do looking beyond goals of profitability. To do this, it? important to stress that real authenticity has to come from within the hotel organization itself and not be constructed from the consumer’s perception or seen as an instrumental tool. Implementing authenticity could sound very instrumental but in fact it involves a deeper form of reflection and learning because it evolves the identity of the hotel. There for it is very difficult and probably time-consuming for an organization to work wit h authenticity but it is necessary to include this internal change process in order to provide sustainable authentic experiences without faking or acting. Research Methodology Qualitative Research From a social constructionists point of view qualitative research methods are preferable, because it is the method which can unfold how language is used to construct reality and create meaning. There for qualitative research will be used on this study to collect empirical data. More over by using qualitative research, the opportunity of seeing it through the eyes of the hoteliers being studied is an advantage. What is qualitative research? It is a research strategy that emphasize words rather than quantification in the collection and analysis of data (Bryman,2008). The main steps of qualitative research which will be implemented during the process of collecting the data are attached. See appendix 1. Zaina Ibrahim /International Hospitality Management (2012) Page 5 Semi-structured interviewing Semi-structured interviewing would be the best method to apply because it is a two way communication which can be used to use to gather qualitative information. Most importantly it provides the opportunity for learning from a social constructionist point of view. What is semi-structured interviewing? A researcher has a list of specific questions to be covered, usually referred to as an interview guide but the interviewee has a great deal of flexibility and freedom in how to reply. As the interviewer pick up things from the interviewee, the interviewer might ask questions that is not in the guide. The interview process is flexible and emphasizes more on how the interviewee understands the issues or subject. Bryman, 2008) The reason semi-structured interview is chosen for this research is because it not only provides answers but it provides the reasons of the answer. The relatively unstructured nature of the interview has the capacity to provide insights into how hoteliers from different departments conceptualize ‘authenticity’ and connects it to their work. Interviewing one representative from every department in a relaxed atmosp here, without the intervention from other staff members, will hopefully result in very sincere and authentic interviews. Hopefully the employees will unfold their true stories regarding authenticity. Semi-structured interviewing steps procedures: Step 1 Planning interviews 1) Identifying respondents 2) Number of interviews 3) Preparing interviews Step 2 Interviewing respondents 1) Initiating interviews 2) Conducting interviews 3) Concluding interviews Step 3 Data analysis Zaina Ibrahim /International Hospitality Management (2012) Page 6 Data Analysis Narrative analysis Narrative analysis is suitable for analysing this research data because of how it can explore and identify identity and its focus on the role of stories in creating and maintaining organizational identity, culture and structure. This is supported by Riessmen, narrative is a basic human way of making sense of the world – we lead ‘storied lives’ (Riessman, 1993) What is narrative analysis? This particular study requires a story telling, because it can help make sense of the events the hoteliers have experienced. Critical reflections There is a paradox in this research. It was stated that interaction and engagement in relations are key aspects of sense-making. However this synopsis is only done by the researcher alone without any disturbance from outside that could change knowledge, perception and reality. The interviewer needs to be aware that she indirectly is a co-creator of reality. The interactions thereby influence the negotiating of meaning. Reflecting on the power of words, it is important to reflect on the language that the interviewer brings into the interview. This is because the words chosen by the interviewer will affect the interviewee. It is of a high importance to give space and freedom for the interviewee to unfold her untold stories and remember that the interviewer is also an intervener. In semi-structured interviews viewpoints must be covered during the interview because this method is the way of capturing perceptions and concerns of the hotel staff. Lastly the interviewer needs to practice the skills of intense listening and provide questions that can unfold stories. Limitations This research has several limitations; it does not focus on consumers as important as they may be. Yes it is important to consider consumers during this process, however in this case the first step or phase is to achieve authenticity by looking at the organization itself.